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U.S.Cause of deathResting place, U.S.Other namesJ.B. WilkesOccupationActorYears active1855–1865Known forFamilySignatureJohn Wilkes Booth (May 10, 1838 – April 26, 1865) was an American actor who President at in on April 14, 1865.
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He was a member of the prominent 19th-century from and a well-known actor in his own right. He was also a sympathizer, vehement in his denunciation of Lincoln and strongly opposed to the abolition of.Booth and a group of co-conspirators originally plotted to kidnap Lincoln but later planned to kill him, Vice President, and Secretary of State in a bid to help the Confederacy's cause. 's had surrendered four days earlier, but Booth believed that the was not yet over because Confederate General 's army was still fighting the.Booth was completely successful in carrying out his part of the plot.
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He shot Lincoln once in the back of the head, and the President died the next morning. Seward was severely wounded but recovered, and Vice President Johnson was never attacked.After the assassination, Booth fled on horseback to southern Maryland and, 12 days later, arrived at a farm in rural northern where he was tracked down. Booth's companion gave himself up, but Booth refused and was shot by Union soldier after the barn in which he was hiding was set ablaze. Eight other conspirators were tried and convicted, and four were hanged shortly after. Contents.Background and early lifeBooth's parents were noted British actor and his mistress Mary Ann Holmes, who moved to the United States from England in June 1821.
They purchased a 150-acre (61 ha) farm near, where John Wilkes Booth was born in a four-room log house on May 10, 1838, the ninth of ten children. He was named after English politician, a distant relative. Junius' wife Adelaide Delannoy Booth was granted a divorce in 1851 on grounds of adultery, and Holmes legally wed Junius on May 10, 1851, John Wilkes' 13th birthday.
Nora Titone suggests in her book My Thoughts Be Bloody (2010) that the shame and ambition of Junius Brutus Booth's illegitimate actor sons and John Wilkes eventually spurred them to strive for achievement and acclaim as rivals—Edwin as a and John Wilkes as the assassin of.Booth's father built on the Harford County property as the family's summer home in 1851, while also maintaining a winter residence on Exeter Street in Baltimore. The Booth family was listed as living in Baltimore in the 1850 census. Tudor Hall in 1865As a boy, Booth was athletic and popular, and he became skilled at horsemanship and fencing. He attended the and was an indifferent student whom the headmaster described as 'not deficient in intelligence, but disinclined to take advantage of the educational opportunities offered him. Each day he rode back and forth from farm to school, taking more interest in what happened along the way than in reaching his classes on time'. In 1850–1851, he attended the -run Milton Boarding School for Boys located in, and later St. Timothy's Hall, an military academy in.
At the Milton school, students recited classical works by such authors as,. Students at St.
Timothy's wore military uniforms and were subject to a regimen of daily formation drills and strict discipline. Booth left school at 14 after his father's death.While attending the Milton Boarding School, Booth met a who read his palm and pronounced a grim destiny, telling him that he would have a grand but short life, doomed to die young and 'meeting a bad end'. His sister recalled that he wrote down the palm-reader's prediction, showed it to his family and others, and often discussed its portents in moments of melancholy.By age 16, Booth was interested in the theater and in politics, and he became a delegate from Bel Air to a rally by the Party for, the anti-immigrant party's candidate for Congress in the 1854 elections. Booth aspired to follow in the footsteps of his father and his actor brothers and He began practicing daily in the woods around Tudor Hall and studying Shakespeare.Theatrical career 1850s.
The Richmond Theatre, in 1858, when Booth made his first stage appearance thereBooth made his stage debut at age 17 on August 14, 1855 in the supporting role of the Earl of Richmond in at Baltimore's Charles Street Theatre. The audience jeered at him when he missed some of his lines. He also began acting at Baltimore's, owned by, where the Booths had performed frequently.
In 1857, he joined the stock company of the in, where he played for a full season. At his request, he was billed as 'J.B. Wilkes', a pseudonym meant to avoid comparison with other members of his famous thespian family. Wrote that Booth 'developed into an outrageous, but he played his parts with such heightened enthusiasm that the audiences idolized him.' In February 1858, he played in at the Arch Street Theatre. On opening night, he experienced stage fright and stumbled over his line. Instead of introducing himself by saying, 'Madame, I am Petruchio Pandolfo', he stammered, 'Madame, I am Pondolfio Pet—Pedolfio Pat—Pantuchio Ped—dammit!
, causing the audience to roar with laughter.Later that year, Booth played the part of in a play staged in, and then became a at the Richmond Theatre in Virginia, where he became increasingly popular with audiences for his energetic performances. On October 5, 1858, he played the part of in, alongside his older brother Edwin in the. Afterward, Edwin led him to the theater's footlights and said to the audience, 'I think he's done well, don't you?'
In response, the audience applauded loudly and cried, 'Yes! In all, Booth performed in 83 plays in 1858. Booth said that, of all Shakespearean characters, his favorite role was, the slayer of a tyrant. A of John Wilkes BoothSome critics called Booth 'the handsomest man in America' and a 'natural genius', and noted his having an 'astonishing memory'; others were mixed in their estimation of his acting. He stood 5 feet 8 inches (1.73 m) tall, had jet-black hair, and was lean and athletic. Noted Civil War reporter described him as a 'muscular, perfect man' with 'curling hair, like a Corinthian capital'. Booth's stage performances were often characterized by his contemporaries as acrobatic and intensely physical, with him leaping upon the stage and gesturing with passion.
He was an excellent swordsman, although a fellow actor once recalled that Booth occasionally cut himself with his own sword.Historian wrote that Booth 'won celebrity with theater-goers by his romantic personal attraction', but that he was 'too impatient for hard study' and his 'brilliant talents had failed of full development.' Author Gene Smith wrote that Booth's acting may not have been as precise as his brother Edwin's, but his strikingly handsome appearance enthralled women. As the 1850s drew to a close, Booth was becoming wealthy as an actor, earning $20,000 a year (equivalent to about $558,000 more recently). 1860sBooth embarked on his first national tour as a after finishing the 1859–1860 theatre season in.
He engaged attorney Matthew Canning to serve as his agent. By mid-1860, he was playing in such cities as,.
Poet and journalist said of Booth's acting, 'He would have flashes, passages, I thought of real genius.' The Philadelphia Press drama critic said, 'Without having his brother Edwin's culture and grace, Mr. Booth has far more action, more life, and, we are inclined to think, more natural genius.' In October 1860, while performing in, Booth was shot accidentally in his hotel, leaving a wound some thought would end his life. Boston Museum playbill advertising Booth in, May 3, 1864When the Civil War began on April 12, 1861, Booth was starring in.
He was outspoken in his admiration for the South's secession, publicly calling it 'heroic.' This so enraged local citizens that they demanded that he be banned from the stage for making ' statements'. Albany's drama critics were kinder, giving him rave reviews. One called him a genius, praising his acting for 'never failing to delight with his masterly impressions.' As the Civil War raged across the divided land in 1862, Booth appeared mostly in.
In January, he played the in in St. Louis and then made his debut.
In March, he made his first acting appearance in. In May 1862, he made his Boston debut, playing nightly at the in Richard III (May 12, 15 and 23), Romeo and Juliet (May 13), The Robbers (May 14 and 21), Hamlet (May 16), The Apostate (May 19), The Stranger (May 20), and The Lady of Lyons (May 22).
Following his performance of Richard III on May 12, the Boston Transcript's review the next day called Booth 'the most promising young actor on the American stage'.Starting in January 1863, he returned to the Boston Museum for a series of plays, including the role of villain Duke Pescara in The Apostate that won acclaim from audiences and critics. Back in Washington in April, he played the title roles in Hamlet and Richard III, one of his favorites. He was billed as 'The Pride of the American People, A Star of the First Magnitude,' and the critics were equally enthusiastic. The National Republican drama critic said that Booth 'took the hearts of the audience by storm' and termed his performance 'a complete triumph'.
At the beginning of July 1863, Booth finished the acting season at Academy of Music, as the raged in. Between September–November 1863, Booth played a hectic schedule in the northeast, appearing in Boston,. Each day he received fan mail from infatuated women.Family friend John T. Ford opened 1,500-seat on November 9 in Washington, D.C. Booth was one of the first leading men to appear there, playing in 's The Marble Heart.
In this play, Booth portrayed a sculptor in costume, making marble statues come to life. Lincoln watched the play from his box. At one point during the performance, Booth was said to have shaken his finger in Lincoln's direction as he delivered a line of dialogue. Lincoln's sister-in-law was sitting with him in the same presidential box where he was later slain; she turned to him and said, 'Mr. Lincoln, he looks as if he meant that for you.'
The President replied, 'He does look pretty sharp at me, doesn't he?' On another occasion, Lincoln's son saw Booth perform. He said that the actor thrilled him, prompting Booth to give Tad a rose. Booth ignored an invitation to visit Lincoln between acts. L-to-r: Booth with brothers Edwin and Junius, Jr. InOn November 25, 1864, Booth performed for the only time with his brothers and in a single engagement production of at the in New York. He played and his brother Edwin had the larger role of Brutus in a performance acclaimed as 'the greatest theatrical event in New York history.'
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The proceeds went towards a statue of for which still stands today. In January 1865, he acted in Shakespeare's in Washington, again garnering rave reviews. The said of Booth's, 'the most satisfactory of all renderings of that fine character,' especially praising the death scene. Booth made the final appearance of his acting career at Ford's on March 18, 1865, when he again played Duke Pescara in The Apostate. Business venturesBooth invested some of his growing wealth in various enterprises during the early 1860s, including land speculation in Boston's. He also started a business partnership with, manager of the Cleveland Academy of Music, and with Thomas Mears to develop oil wells in northwestern Pennsylvania, where an oil boom had started in August 1859, following 's discovery of oil there, initially calling their venture Dramatic Oil but later renaming it Fuller Farm Oil.
The partners invested in a 31.5-acre (12.7 ha) site along the at in late 1863 for drilling. By early 1864, they had a producing 1,900-foot (579 m) deep oil well named Wilhelmina for Mears' wife, yielding 25 barrels (4 kL) of crude oil daily, then considered a good yield. The Fuller Farm Oil company was selling shares with a featuring the well-known actor's celebrity status as 'Mr. Wilkes Booth, a successful and intelligent operator in oil lands'. The partners were impatient to increase the well's output and attempted the use of explosives, which wrecked the well and ended production.Booth was already growing more obsessed with the South's worsening situation in the Civil War and angered at Lincoln's re-election. He withdrew from the oil business on November 27, 1864, with a substantial loss of his $6,000 investment ($81,400 in 2010 dollars). Civil War yearsBooth was strongly opposed to the who sought to end slavery in the U.S.
He attended the of abolitionist leader on December 2, 1859, who was executed for leading a on the Federal at in present-day. Booth had been rehearsing at the Richmond Theatre when he abruptly decided to join the, a volunteer of 1,500 men traveling to for Brown's hanging, to guard against an attempt by abolitionists to rescue Brown from the gallows by force. When Brown was hanged without incident, Booth stood in uniform near the scaffold and afterwards expressed great satisfaction with Brown's fate, although he admired the condemned man's bravery in facing death stoically.Lincoln was elected president on November 6, 1860, and the following month Booth drafted a long speech, apparently undelivered, that decried Northern abolitionism and made clear his strong support of the South and the institution of.
On April 12, 1861, the began, and eventually 11 Southern states from the Union. In Booth's native Maryland, some of the slaveholding portion of the population favored joining the. Although the Maryland legislature voted decisively (53–13) against secession on April 28, 1861, it also voted not to allow federal troops to pass south through the state by rail, and it requested that Lincoln remove the growing numbers of federal troops in Maryland. The legislature seems to have wanted to remain in the Union, while also wanting to avoid involvement in a war against southern neighbors.
Adhering to Maryland's demand that its infrastructure not be used to wage war on seceding neighbors would have left the federal capital of vulnerable and would have made the prosecution of war against the South impossible, which was no doubt the legislature's intention, so Lincoln suspended the writ of and imposed in Baltimore and portions of the state, ordering the at and the stationing of Federal troops in Baltimore. Many Marylanders, including Booth, agreed with the ruling of Marylander, and U.S. Supreme Court Chief Justice, in that Lincoln's suspension of in Maryland was.As a popular actor in the 1860s, Booth continued to travel extensively to perform in the North and South, and as far west as New Orleans. According to his sister Asia, Booth confided to her that he also used his position to smuggle the anti-malarial drug, which was crucial to the lives of residents of the Gulf coast, to the South during his travels there, since it was in short supply due to the Northern blockade.
March 18, 1865, Ford's Theatre playbill—Booth's last acting appearanceOn April 12, 1865, Booth heard the news that had surrendered at. He told, a friend of John Surratt and a boarder at Mary Surratt's house, that he was done with the stage and that the only play he wanted to present henceforth was. Weichmann did not understand the reference; Venice Preserv'd is about an assassination plot. Booth's scheme to kidnap Lincoln was no longer feasible with the Union Army's capture of Richmond and Lee's surrender, and he changed his goal to assassination.The previous day, Booth was in the crowd outside the White House when Lincoln gave an impromptu speech from his window.
Lincoln stated that he was in favor of granting, and Booth declared that it would be the last speech that Lincoln would ever make.On the morning of, April 14, 1865, Booth went to to get his mail. While there, he was told by John Ford's brother that President and would be attending the play at Ford's Theatre that evening, accompanied by Gen. He immediately set about making plans for the assassination, which included making arrangements with livery stable owner for a getaway horse and an escape route. Booth informed Powell, Herold, and Atzerodt of his intention to kill Lincoln. He assigned Powell to assassinate and Atzerodt to do so to.
Herold would assist in their escape into Virginia. Booth's escape routeFederal troops combed the rural area's woods and swamps for Booth in the days following the assassination, as the nation experienced an outpouring of grief. On April 18, mourners waited seven abreast in a mile-long line outside the White House for the public viewing of the slain president, reposing in his open walnut casket in the black-draped. A cross of lilies was at the head and roses covered the coffin's lower half. Thousands of mourners arriving on special trains jammed Washington for the next day's funeral, sleeping on hotel floors and even resorting to blankets spread outdoors on the 's lawn. Prominent abolitionist leader and orator called the assassination an 'unspeakable calamity' for. Great indignation was directed towards Booth as the assassin's identity was telegraphed across the nation.
Newspapers called him an 'accursed devil,' 'monster,' 'madman,' and a 'wretched fiend.' Historian writes: 'Almost every family who kept a photograph album on the parlor table owned a likeness of John Wilkes Booth of the famous Booth family of actors.
After the assassination Northerners slid the Booth card out of their albums: some threw it away, some burned it, some crumpled it angrily.' Even in the South, sorrow was expressed in some quarters.
In, the mayor and city council addressed a vast throng at an outdoor gathering to express their indignation, and many in the crowd wept. Confederate general Joseph E. Johnston called Booth's act 'a disgrace to the age'. Lee also expressed regret at Lincoln's death by Booth's hand.Not all were grief-stricken. In New York City, a man was attacked by an enraged crowd when he shouted, 'It served Old Abe right!' After hearing the news of Lincoln's death.
Elsewhere in the South, Lincoln was hated in death as in life, and Booth was viewed as a hero as many rejoiced at news of his deed. Other Southerners feared that a vengeful North would exact a terrible retribution upon the defeated former Confederate states.
'Instead of being a great Southern hero, his deed was considered the worst possible tragedy that could have befallen the South as well as the North,' writes Kunhardt.Booth lay in hiding in the Maryland woods, waiting for an opportunity to cross the Potomac River into Virginia. He read the accounts of national mourning reported in the newspapers brought to him by Jones each day. By April 20, he was aware that some of his co-conspirators were already arrested:, Powell (or Paine), Arnold, and O'Laughlen.
Booth was surprised to find little public sympathy for his action, especially from those anti-Lincoln newspapers that had previously excoriated the President in life. News of the assassination reached the far corners of the nation, and indignation was aroused against Lincoln's critics, whom many blamed for encouraging Booth to act. The editorialized:Booth has simply carried out what. Secession politicians and journalists have been for years expressing in words. Who have denounced the President as a 'tyrant,' a 'despot,' a 'usurper,' hinted at, and virtually recommended.Booth wrote of his dismay in a journal entry on April 21, as he awaited nightfall before crossing the into Virginia ( see map):For six months we had worked to capture.
But our cause being almost lost, something decisive and great must be done. I struck boldly, and not as the papers say. I can never repent it, though we hated to kill.That same day, the nine-car funeral train bearing Lincoln's body departed Washington on the, arriving at Baltimore's at 10 am, the first stop on a 13-day journey to, its final destination. The funeral train slowly made its way westward through seven states, stopping en route at, and during the following days.
About 7 million people lined the railroad tracks along the 1,662-mile (2,675 km) route, holding aloft signs with legends such as 'We mourn our loss,' 'He lives in the hearts of his people,' and 'The darkest hour in history.' Broadside advertising reward for capture of Lincoln assassination conspirators, illustrated with photographic prints of, John Wilkes Booth, andIn the cities where the train stopped, 1.5 million people viewed Lincoln in his coffin. Aboard the train was Clarence Depew, president of the, who said, 'As we sped over the rails at night, the scene was the most pathetic ever witnessed. At every crossroads the glare of innumerable torches illuminated the whole population, kneeling on the ground.'
Dorothy Kunhardt called the funeral train's journey 'the mightiest outpouring of national grief the world had yet seen.' Mourners were viewing Lincoln's remains when the funeral train steamed into Harrisburg at 8:20 pm, while Booth and Herold were provided with a boat and compass by Jones to cross the Potomac at night on April 21. Instead of reaching Virginia, they mistakenly navigated upriver to a bend in the broad Potomac River, coming ashore again in Maryland on April 22. The 23-year-old Herold knew the area well, having frequently hunted there, and recognized a nearby farm as belonging to a Confederate sympathizer.
The farmer led them to his son-in-law, Col. Hughes, who provided the fugitives with food and a hideout until nightfall, for a second attempt to row across the river to Virginia.
Booth wrote in his diary:With every man's hand against me, I am here in despair. And why; For doing what was honored for. And yet I for striking down a greater tyrant than they ever knew am looked upon as a common cutthroat.The pair finally reached the Virginia shore near Machodoc Creek before dawn on April 23. There, they made contact with Thomas Harbin, whom Booth had previously brought into his erstwhile kidnapping plot. Harbin took Booth and Herold to another Confederate agent in the area named William Bryant who supplied them with horses.While Lincoln's funeral train was in New York City on April 24, Lieutenant was dispatched from Washington at 2 p.m.
With a detachment of 26 Union soldiers from the 16th New York Cavalry Regiment to capture Booth in Virginia, accompanied by Lieutenant Colonel, an assigned by Lafayette Baker. The detachment steamed 70 miles (113 km) down the Potomac River on the boat John S.
Ide, landing at, at 10 pm. The pursuers crossed the and tracked Booth and Herold to Richard H.
Garrett's farm, about 2 miles (3 km) south of,. Booth and Herold had been led to the farm on April 24 by William S. Jett, a former private in the whom they had met before crossing the Rappahannock. The Garretts were unaware of Lincoln's assassination; Booth was introduced to them as 'James W. Boyd', a Confederate soldier, they were told, who had been wounded in the and was returning home.Garrett's 11-year-old son Richard was an eyewitness. In later years, he became a minister and widely lectured on the events of Booth's demise at his family's farm. In 1921, Garrett's lecture was published in the as the 'True Story of the Capture of John Wilkes Booth.'
According to his account, Booth and Herold arrived at the Garretts' farm, located on the road to Bowling Green, around 3 p.m. On Monday afternoon. Confederate mail delivery had ceased with the collapse of the Confederate government, he explained, so the Garretts were unaware of Lincoln's assassination. After having dinner with the Garretts that evening, Booth learned of the surrender of Johnston's army, the last Confederate armed force of any size. Its capitulation meant that the Civil War was unquestionably over and Booth's attempt to save the Confederacy by Lincoln's assassination had failed.
The Garretts also finally learned of Lincoln's death and the substantial reward for Booth's capture. Booth, said Garrett, displayed no reaction other than to ask if the family would turn in the fugitive should they have the opportunity. Still not aware of their guest's true identity, one of the older Garrett sons averred that they might, if only because they needed the money. The next day, Booth told the Garretts that he intended to reach, drawing a route on a map of theirs.
Biographer said of Garrett's account, 'Almost nothing written or testified in respect to the doings of the fugitives at Garrett's farm can be taken at face value. Nobody knows exactly what Booth said to the Garretts, or they to him.' The on near Port Royal, where the Garrett barn and farmhouse once stood in what is now the highway's median (2007)Booth's body was shrouded in a blanket and tied to the side of an old farm wagon for the trip back to Belle Plain. There, his corpse was taken aboard the and brought to the for identification and an.
The body was identified there as Booth's by more than ten people who knew him. Among the identifying features used to make sure that the man that was killed was Booth was a tattoo on his left hand with his initials J.W.B., and a distinct scar on the back of his neck.The third, fourth, and fifth vertebrae were removed during the autopsy to allow access to the bullet. These bones are still on display at the in Washington, D.C. The body was then buried in a storage room at the Old Penitentiary, later moved to a warehouse at the Washington Arsenal on October 1, 1867.
In 1869, the remains were once again identified before being released to the Booth family, where they were buried in the family plot at in Baltimore, after a burial ceremony conducted by Fleming James, minister of Christ Episcopal Church, in the presence of more than 40 people. Visited homes in the vanquished former Confederate states during this time, and he found that hatred of Lincoln still smoldered. 'Photographs of Wilkes Booth, with the last words of great martyrs printed upon its borders. Adorn their drawing rooms'.Eight others implicated in Lincoln's assassination were tried by a in Washington, D.C. And found guilty on June 30, 1865., Lewis Powell, David Herold, and George Atzerodt were hanged in the on July 7, 1865., Samuel Arnold, and Michael O'Laughlen were sentenced to life imprisonment at in Florida's. Edmund Spangler was given a six-year term in prison.
O'Laughlen died in a epidemic there in 1867. The others were eventually pardoned in February 1869 by President Andrew Johnson.Forty years later, when the centenary of Lincoln's birth was celebrated in 1909, a border state official reflected on Booth's assassination of Lincoln. 'Confederate veterans held public services and gave public expression to the sentiment, that 'had Lincoln lived' the days of might have been softened and the era of good feeling ushered in earlier'. The majority of Northerners viewed Booth as a madman or monster who murdered the savior of the Union, while in the South, many cursed Booth for bringing upon them the harsh revenge of an incensed North instead of the reconciliation promised by Lincoln. A century later, Goodrich concluded in 2005, 'For millions of people, particularly in the South, it would be decades before the impact of the Lincoln assassination began to release its terrible hold on their lives'. Theories of Booth's motivationAuthor was 11 years old at the time of Lincoln's assassination.
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He wrote an epitaph of Booth in his 1929 book John Wilkes Booth: 'In the terrible deed he committed, he was actuated by no thought of monetary gain, but by a self-sacrificing, albeit wholly fanatical devotion to a cause he thought supreme.' Others have seen less unselfish motives such as shame, ambition, and sibling rivalry for achievement and fame. Theories of Booth's escape. Main article:In 1907, wrote Escape and Suicide of John Wilkes Booth, contending that a Booth look-alike was mistakenly killed at the Garrett farm while Booth eluded his pursuers. Booth, said Bates, assumed the 'John St.
Helen' and settled on the near, and later moved to. He fell gravely ill and made a deathbed confession that he was the fugitive assassin, but he then recovered and fled, eventually committing suicide in 1903 in, under the alias 'David E. By 1913, more than 70,000 copies of the book had been sold, and Bates exhibited St. Helen's mummified body in carnival sideshows. Visitors to the Booth family plot often leave, which depict on their, on the large monument of Booth's fatherIn response, the published an account in 1913 by Baltimore mayor William M.
Pegram, who had viewed Booth's remains upon the casket's arrival at the Weaver funeral home in Baltimore on February 18, 1869, for burial at Green Mount Cemetery. Pegram had known Booth well as a young man; he submitted a sworn statement that the body which he had seen in 1869 was Booth's. Others positively identified this body as Booth at the funeral home, including Booth's mother, brother, and sister, along with his dentist and other Baltimore acquaintances. Earlier, had published an account by their reporter in 1911 detailing the burial of Booth's body at the cemetery and those who were witnesses. The rumor periodically revived, as in the 1920s when a corpse was exhibited on a national tour by a carnival promoter and advertised as the 'Man Who Shot Lincoln'. According to a 1938 article in, the exhibitor said that he obtained St. Helen's corpse from Bates' widow.(1977) contended that there was a government plot to conceal Booth's escape, reviving interest in the story and prompting the display of St.
Helen's mummified body in Chicago that year. The book sold more than one million copies and was made into a feature film called which was theatrically released in 1977. The 1998 book The Curse of Cain: The Untold Story of John Wilkes Booth contended that Booth had escaped, sought refuge in Japan, and eventually returned to the United States. In 1994 two historians together with several descendants sought a court order for the exhumation of Booth's body at Green Mount Cemetery which was, according to their lawyer, 'intended to prove or disprove longstanding theories on Booth's escape' by conducting a photo-superimposition analysis.
The application was blocked by Baltimore Circuit Court Judge Joseph H. Kaplan, who cited, among other things, 'the unreliability of petitioners' less-than-convincing escape/cover-up theory' as a major factor in his decision. The Maryland Court of Special Appeals upheld the ruling.In December 2010, descendants of reported that they obtained permission to exhume the Shakespearean actor's body to obtain samples to compare with a sample of his brother John's DNA to refute the rumor that John had escaped after the assassination. Bree Harvey, a spokesman from the Mount Auburn Cemetery in Cambridge, Massachusetts where Edwin Booth is buried, denied reports that the family had contacted them and requested to exhume Edwin's body.
The family hoped to obtain samples of John Wilkes's DNA from remains such as vertebrae stored at the in Maryland. On March 30, 2013, museum spokeswoman Carol Johnson announced that the family's request to extract DNA from the vertebrae had been rejected. In popular culture Film. Booth was portrayed by in the 1915 film.
John Wilkes Booth is played by in the film (1955), a biography of (played by ). Booth is played by in the television film (1998). Booth is portrayed by in the film (2010).
plays Booth in the telefim (2013), where he is the main character.Literature. In 's novel, The Lincoln Deception ( ), two people in 1900 try to discover the true motive behind Booth's plot. Booth is a kidnapper in the children's historical novel by ( ). In G.
O'Toole's 1979 historical fiction-mystery novel The Cosgrove Report, a present-day private detective investigates the authenticity of a 19th-century manuscript that alleges Booth survived the aftermath of the Lincoln assassination. The Blue and the Gray. Washington, D.C.:.
Balsiger, David; Sellier, Charles Jr. The Lincoln Conspiracy. Buccaneer. (1907). Atlanta, Ga.: J. Nichols. (1955).
The Day Lincoln Was Shot. Harper & Row. (1996). Terry Alford (ed.). John Wilkes Booth: A Sister's Memoir.
Jackson, Miss.: University Press of Mississippi. Coates, Bill (August 22, 2006). Madera Tribune. Archived from on September 18, 2008. (1995).
New York: Simon & Schuster. Freiberger, Edward (February 26, 1911). (PDF). Garrett, Richard Baynham; Garrett, R. (October 1963). Fleet, Betsy (ed.). 'A Chapter of Unwritten History: Richard Baynham Garrett's Account of the Flight and Death of John Wilkes Booth'.
The Virginia Magazine of History and Biography. Virginia Historical Society. 71 (4): 387–407. Goodrich, Thomas (2005).
The Darkest Dawn. Bloomington, Ind.: Indiana University. Gorman, Francis J. Gorman and Williams. Archived from on January 3, 2009. Hanchett, William (1986).
Hansen, Peter A. (February 2009). 'The funeral train, 1865'.
69 (2). Johnson, Byron B. Boston: The Lincoln & Smith Press.
Johnston, Alva (February 19, 1928). 'John Wilkes Booth on Tour'. CCX. Kauffman, Michael W.
American Brutus: John Wilkes Booth and the Lincoln Conspiracies. New York: Random House. Kauffman, Michael W. 'Fort Lesley McNair and the Lincoln Conspirators'. Lincoln Herald. 80. Kauffman, Michael W.
(May – June 1995). 'Historians Oppose Opening of Booth Grave'. Civil War Times. Kimmel, Stanley (1969). The Mad Booths of Maryland. New York: Dover. Kunhardt, Dorothy and Philip, Jr.
North Hollywood, Calif.: Newcastle. CS1 maint: Uses authors parameter.
Kunhardt, Jr., Philip (1983). A New Birth of Freedom. Boston: Little, Brown. Kunhardt III, Philip B. (February 2009).
'Lincoln's Contested Legacy'. 39 (11). Lockwood, John (March 1, 2003). 'Booth's oil-field venture goes bust'. (1954).
The Life of Abraham Lincoln. New American Library. McCardell, Lee (December 27, 1931). 'The body in John Wilkes Booth's grave'.
(1906). Mudd, Nettie (ed.).
New York and Washington: Neale Publishing Company. Ford's Theatre, National Historic Site. December 22, 2004. Archived from on January 25, 2008.
Retrieved October 15, 2007. Nottingham, Theodore J. The Curse of Cain: The Untold Story of John Wilkes Booth. Sovereign. Pegram, William M. (December 1913).
'The body of John Wilkes Booth'. Journal. Rhodehamel, John and Taper, Louise, eds. Right or Wrong, God Judge Me: The Writings of John Wilkes Booth. Urbana, Ill.: University of Illinois. CS1 maint: Uses editors parameter.
Schlichenmeyer, Terri (August 21, 2007). Serup, Paul (2010). Who Killed Abraham Lincoln?: An investigation of North America's most famous ex-priest's assertion that the Roman Catholic Church was behind the assassination of America's greatest President.
Prince George, B.C.: Salmova Press. Sheads, Scott; Toomey, Daniel (1997). Baltimore During the Civil War. Linthicum, Md.: Toomey Press. Smith, Gene (1992). American Gothic: the story of America's legendary theatrical family, Junius, Edwin, and John Wilkes Booth. New York:.
(2001). Blood on the Moon: The Assassination of Abraham Lincoln. University Press of Kentucky. (1955). The Man Who Killed Lincoln. Garden City, NY: Dolphin. 'Dredging up the John Wilkes Booth body argument'.
December 13, 1977. 'Harford expected to OK renovation of Booth home'. September 8, 2008. (1952). Abraham Lincoln, a Biography. New York: Knopf. (PDF).
April 21, 1865. (PDF). July 30, 1896. October 24, 1994. Toomey, Daniel Carroll. The Civil War in Maryland.
Baltimore, Md.: Toomey Press. (1865). New York:. Ward, Geoffrey C. The Civil War – an illustrated history. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
Westwood, Philip (2002). Genealogy Today. Wilson, Francis (1972).
John Wilkes Booth. New York: Blom.Further reading. Bak, Richard (1954). The Day Lincoln Was Shot. Dallas, Texas: Taylor.
Goodrich, Thomas (2005). The Darkest Dawn: Lincoln, Booth, and the Great American Tragedy.
Bloomington, Ind.: Indiana University. Reck, W. Emerson (1987).
Lincoln: His Last 24 Hours. Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland. Swanson, James L. Manhunt: The 12-Day Chase for Lincoln's Killer. New York: William Morrow.
Titone, Nora (2010). My Thoughts Be Bloody: The Bitter Rivalry Between Edwin and John Wilkes Booth That Led to an American Tragedy. Free Press. Turner, Thomas R. The Assassination of Abraham Lincoln. Malabar, Fla.: Krieger.For younger readers.
Hunt Burial Vault Company Llc Federal Tax Id Number Lookup
Giblin, James Cross (2005). Good Brother, Bad Brother. New York: Clarion.External linksWikimedia Commons has media related to., from the collections at the,. preserved at National Museum of Health and Medicine.
Digitized by the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Library. Digitized by the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Library.
October 17, 2006. Archived from on October 17, 2006.
These records contain correspondence dated 1922–1923 of, former Director of the Bureau of Investigation, concerning a theory that Booth lived many years after the assassination of President Lincoln. Geringer, Joseph (2008). Archived from on February 14, 2009. Retrieved January 28, 2009. Linder, Douglas (2002).
Archived from on December 29, 2010. Archived from on November 1, 2007. Article describing John Wilkes Booth's brief and unsuccessful career in the booming Pennsylvania oilfields.